PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.